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NEW QUESTION 1
You are deploying an IP fabric with an oversubscription ratio of 3:1. In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. The oversubscription ratio decreases when you add leaf devices.
B. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you remove leaf devices.
C. The oversubscription ratio increases when you remove leaf devices.
D. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you add leaf devices.
Answer: CD
Explanation:
1. Understanding Oversubscription Ratio in IP Fabrics:
The oversubscription ratio in an IP fabric typically refers to the ratio of the available bandwidth at the edge of the network (leaves) to the available bandwidth at the core or spine. A 3:1 oversubscription ratio means that for every 3 units of bandwidth at the leaves, there is 1 unit of bandwidth at the spine.
2. Impact of Adding or Removing Leaf Devices:
– Removing Leaf Devices: When you remove leaf devices, the amount of total edge bandwidth decreases while the bandwidth in the spine remains constant. This causes the oversubscription ratio to increase because there is now less total bandwidth to distribute across the same amount of spine bandwidth.
– Adding Leaf Devices: Conversely, when you add leaf devices, the total edge bandwidth increases.
Since the spine bandwidth remains the same, the oversubscription ratio would remain the same if the additional leaves consume their share of the available bandwidth proportionally.
3. Conclusion:
Option C is correct: Removing leaf devices increases the oversubscription ratio.
Option D is correct: Adding leaf devices typically maintains the oversubscription ratio assuming uniform bandwidth distribution.
NEW QUESTION 2
You are asked to identify microburst traffic occurring in the network leading lo packet drops in your data center switches Which two tools would be used in this scenario? (Choose two.)
A. port mirroring
B. traceoptions
C. port buffer monitoring
D. syslog
Answer: AC
Explanation:
1. Identifying Microburst Traffic:
Microbursts are short spikes in network traffic that can overwhelm buffers and cause packet drops. Detecting and analyzing microbursts is crucial for understanding where packet loss might be occurring in a data center network.
2. Port Buffer Monitoring:
This tool specifically tracks the usage of switch buffers, helping to identify when microbursts are causing buffers to overflow, leading to packet drops.
3. Port Mirroring:
This tool allows you to monitor real-time traffic on a specific port by copying the traffic to another port where it can be analyzed, often with a packet analyzer. While port mirroring doesn’t directly detect microbursts, it helps capture traffic patterns that can indicate microbursts.
4. Conclusion:
Option C is correct: Port buffer monitoring directly identifies buffer overflows caused by microbursts.
Option A is correct: Port mirroring allows for the detailed capture and analysis of traffic patterns, which can reveal microburst behavior.
Options B (Traceoptions) and D (Syslog) are less effective in identifying microburst traffic. Traceoptions focus on control plane traffic debugging, and Syslog is more about logging system events than detecting high-frequency traffic spikes.
NEW QUESTION 3
Which two statements are true about a pure IP fabric? (Choose two.)
A. Devices in an IP fabric function as Layer 3 routers.
B. An IP fabric supports Layer 2 VLANs.
C. Devices in an IP fabric must be connected to a fabric controller.
D. An IP fabric does not support Layer 2 protocols.
Answer: AD
Explanation:
1. Understanding Pure IP Fabric:
A pure IP fabric is a network design where all devices operate at Layer 3, meaning that each device in the fabric is a router that makes forwarding decisions based on IP addresses.
2. Layer 2 Support:
In a pure IP fabric, traditional Layer 2 protocols such as Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or VLANs are not supported. Instead, the network relies entirely on Layer 3 routing protocols to manage traffic between devices.
3. Routing Functionality:
Since devices in an IP fabric operate as Layer 3 routers, they handle IP routing and provide network services based on IP addresses, not on MAC addresses or Layer 2 switching.
4. Conclusion:
Option A is correct: Devices in an IP fabric function as Layer 3 routers.
Option D is orrect: A pure IP fabric does not support traditional Layer 2 protocols, making it a purely routed environment.
NEW QUESTION 4
You are asked to deploy 100 QFX Series devices using ZTP Each OFX5120 requires a different configuration. In this scenario, what are two components that you would configure on the DHCP server? (Choose two.)
A. the IP address of the FTP server
B. the MAC address for each OFX5120
C. the MAC address of the FTP server
D. the management IP address for each OFX5120
Answer: BD
Explanation:
1. Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP):
ZTP allows for the automated configuration of network devices, like QFX Series switches, without manual intervention. During ZTP, a switch will obtain its configuration from a DHCP server and then download the required software and configuration files from a specified server (e.g., FTP, HTTP).
2. DHCP Server Configuration:
– The DHCP server needs to know the MAC address for each QFX5120 to provide a specific configuration based on the device identity. By mapping the MAC address to a particular configuration, the DHCP server can ensure that each switch gets the correct configuration.
– The management IP address for each QFX5120 must also be assigned by the DHCP server. This IP address allows the device to communicate on the network and access the configuration files and other required resources during the ZTP process.
3. Conclusion:
Option B is correct: MAC addresses allow the DHCP server to identify each QFX5120 and assign the appropriate configuration.
Option D is correct: Management IP addresses are essential for network communication during ZTP.
NEW QUESTION 5
You are deploying multiple Juniper switches al the same location. Your switches are currently using the factory-default configuration. In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. The DHCP server configuration cannot provide Junos version requirements to DHCP clients.
B. The switch will try to request an IP address from a DHCP server using all interfaces that are connected and are operational.
C. The switch will try to request an IP address from a DHCP server using only the management interface.
D. The DHCP server configuration can provide Junos version requirements to DHCP clients.
Answer: BD
Explanation:
1. DHCP Behavior in Factory-Default Configuration:
– In the factory-default configuration, Juniper switches are designed to send DHCP requests on all operational interfaces. This behavior ensures that the switch can obtain an IP address for management and further configuration from any available DHCP server.
– The DHCP server can provide additional configuration parameters, including the required Junos version. This allows for automated provisioning and ensures that the switch is running the correct software version.
2. Conclusion:
Option B is correct: The switch will use any operational interface to request an IP address via DHCP.
Option D is correct: The DHCP server can specify Junos version requirements, enabling automated software management.
NEW QUESTION 6
You are deploying a Clos IP fabric with an oversubscription ratio of 3:1. In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you remove spine devices.
B. The oversubscription ratio decreases when you add spine devices.
C. The oversubscription ratio increases when you remove spine devices.
D. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you add spine devices.
Answer: BC
Explanation:
1. Understanding Oversubscription in a Clos Fabric:
The oversubscription ratio in a Clos IP fabric measures the ratio of the amount of edge (leaf) bandwidth to the core (spine) bandwidth. An oversubscription ratio of 3:1 means that there is three times more edge bandwidth compared to core bandwidth.
2. Impact of Adding/Removing Spine Devices:
If you remove spine devices, the total available core bandwidth decreases, while the edge bandwidth remains the same. This results in an increase in the oversubscription ratio because there is now less core bandwidth to handle the same amount of edge traffic. Conversely, if you add spine devices, the total core bandwidth increases. This decreases the oversubscription ratio because more core bandwidth is available to handle the edge traffic.
3. Conclusion:
Option C is correct: Removing spine devices increases the oversubscription ratio.
Option B is correct: Adding spine devices decreases the oversubscription ratio.
NEW QUESTION 7
You are asked to interconnect Iwo data centers using a method that provides EVPN Type 2 connectivity, is highly scalable, and limits VXLAN tunnels between border leaf devices. What will satisfy these requirements?
A. over the top full-mesh interconnect
B. EVPN Type 2 stretch
C. IP VPN
D. Type 2 seamless stitching
Answer: D
Explanation:
1. Requirement Analysis:
The scenario requires a solution to interconnect two data centers that supports EVPN Type 2 connectivity. The solution must be highly scalable and must minimize the number of VXLAN tunnels between border leaf devices.
2. Understanding Type 2 Seamless Stitching:
Type 2 seamless stitching is a method used in EVPN to provide Layer 2 connectivity (such as MAC address mobility) across different VXLAN segments. It is scalable because it allows only necessary tunnels to be established between border leaf devices, reducing the overhead of maintaining a full mesh of VXLAN tunnels.
3. Conclusion:
Option D is correct: Type 2 seamless stitching satisfies the requirement by enabling scalable, efficient interconnection of two data centers with minimal VXLAN tunnels.
NEW QUESTION 8
You are implementing seamless stitching between two data centers and have a proposed configuration for a border leaf device. In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. The translation-vni must match in both data centers.
B. The translation-vni must be different in each data center.
C. The ESI must be different in each data center.
D. The ESI must match in both data centers.
Answer: BD
Explanation:
1. Understanding Seamless Stitching:
Seamless stitching is used in EVPN to interconnect two data centers, allowing for consistent Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity across them. This is often achieved by translating VNIs (Virtual Network Identifiers) between the data centers.
2. Translation-VNI:
The translation VNI must be different in each data center to ensure that traffic can be correctly routed and distinguished as it crosses between the data centers. This differentiation helps to maintain the integrity of the traffic flows and prevents any potential overlap or conflict in VNIs.
3. Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI):
The ESI must match in both data centers to ensure that the same Ethernet segment (which could be multihomed) is recognized consistently across the data centers. Matching ESIs are crucial for maintaining a unified view of the Ethernet segment across the interconnected fabric.
Conclusion:
Option B is correct: Translation VNIs must be unique to each data center for proper traffic distinction.
Option D is correct: Matching ESIs are necessary to maintain consistent Ethernet segment identification across both data centers.
NEW QUESTION 9
You are asked for TX and RX traffic statistics for each interface to which an application server is attached. The statistics need to be reported every five seconds. Using the Junos default settings, which telemetry method would accomplish this request?
A. gNMI
B. SNMP
C. Native Sensors
D. OpenConfig
Answer: C
Explanation:
1. Telemetry Methods in Junos:
Telemetry is used to collect and report data from network devices. For high-frequency statistics reporting, such as every five seconds, you need a telemetry method that supports this level of granularity and real-time monitoring.
2. Junos Native Sensors:
Native Sensors in Junos provide detailed, high-frequency telemetry data, including TX and RX traffic statistics for interfaces. They are designed to offer real-time monitoring with customizable sampling intervals, making them ideal for the five-second reporting requirement.
3. Conclusion:
Option C is correct: Native Sensors in Junos are capable of providing the required high-frequency telemetry data every five seconds.
NEW QUESTION 10
Which three statements are correct about VXLAN control planes? (Choose three.)
A. EVPN is inefficient and does not scale well.
B. Both multicast and EVPN can facilitate MAC learning.
C. Multicast is not agile and requires manual VNI mapping.
D. EVPN enables fast convergence and updates.
E. Multicast does not require as many resources.
Answer: BDE
Explanation:
1. VXLAN Control Planes:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) uses different control planes to handle MAC learning and traffic forwarding. The control planes include multicast and EVPN (Ethernet VPN).
2. Multicast and EVPN Comparison:
Both multicast and EVPN can be used for MAC learning in a VXLAN environment. Multicast is a more traditional approach, while EVPN is more advanced and supports distributed MAC learning. EVPN offers benefits such as fast convergence and rapid updates, making it more efficient and scalable for modern data center environments. Multicast does not require as many resources because it relies on traditional Layer 3 multicast mechanisms to distribute broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast (BUM) traffic. However, it can be less flexible and less scalable compared to EVPN.
3. Conclusion:
Option B is correct: Both control planes facilitate MAC learning.
Option D is correct: EVPN provides fast convergence and updates.
Option E is correct: Multicast is resource-efficient but less flexible.
NEW QUESTION 11
You are asked to set up an IP fabric that supports Al or ML workloads. You have chosen to use lossless Ethernet in this scenario, which statement is correct about congestion management?
A. The switch experiencing the congestion notifies the source device.
B. Only the source and destination devices need ECN enabled.
C. ECN marks packets based on WRED settings.
D. ECN is negotiated only among the switches that make up the IP fabric for each queue.
Answer: A
Explanation:
1. Understanding Lossless Ethernet and Congestion Management:
Lossless Ethernet is crucial for AI and ML workloads, where packet loss can significantly degrade performance. To implement lossless Ethernet, congestion management protocols like ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) are used.
2. Role of ECN in Congestion Management:
In an IP fabric that supports lossless Ethernet, when a switch experiences congestion, it can mark packets using ECN. This marking notifies the source device of the congestion, allowing the source to reduce its transmission rate, thereby preventing packet loss.
3. Conclusion:
Option A is correct: The switch experiencing congestion notifies the source device via ECN marking.
NEW QUESTION 12
Which statement is correct about a collapsed fabric EVPN-VXLAN architecture?
A. Fully meshed back-to-back links are needed between the spine devices.
B. It supports multiple vendors in the fabric as long as all the spine devices are Juniper devices deployed with L2 VTEPs.
C. Using Virtual Chassis at the leaf layer increases resiliency.
D. Border gateway functions occur on border leaf devices.
Answer: D
Explanation:
1. Collapsed Fabric Architecture:
A collapsed fabric refers to a simplified architecture where the spine and leaf roles are combined, often reducing the number of devices and links required. In this architecture, the spine typically handles core switching, while leaf switches handle both access and distribution roles.
2. Understanding Border Gateway Functionality:
Border gateway functions include connecting the data center to external networks or other data centers. In a collapsed fabric, these functions are usually handled at the leaf level, particularly on border leaf devices that manage the ingress and egress of traffic to and from the data center fabric.
3. Conclusion:
Option D is correct: This is accurate in collapsed fabric architectures, where the border leaf devices take on the role of managing external connections and handling routes to other data centers or the internet.
NEW QUESTION 13
You are deploying an EVPN-VXLAN overlay. You must ensure that Layer 3 routing happens on the spine devices. In this scenario, which deployment architecture should you use?
A. ERB
B. CRB
C. bridged overlay
D. distributed symmetric routing
Answer: B
Explanation:
1. Understanding EVPN-VXLAN Architectures:
EVPN-VXLAN overlays allow for scalable Layer 2 and Layer 3 services in modern data centers.
2. CRB (Centralized Routing and Bridging):
In this architecture, the Layer 3 routing is centralized on spine devices, while the leaf devices focus on Layer 2 switching and VXLAN tunneling. This setup is optimal when the goal is to centralize routing for ease of management and to avoid complex routing at the leaf level.
3. ERB (Edge Routing and Bridging):
This architecture places routing functions on the leaf devices, making it a distributed model where each leaf handles routing for its connected hosts.
4. Architecture Choice for Spine Routing:
Given the requirement to ensure Layer 3 routing happens on the spine devices, the CRB (Centralized Routing and Bridging) architecture is the correct choice. This configuration offloads routing tasks to the spine, centralizing control and potentially simplifying the overall design. With CRB, the spine devices perform all routing between VXLAN segments. Leaf switches handle local switching and VXLAN encapsulation, but routing decisions are centralized at the spine level. This model is particularly advantageous in scenarios where centralized management and routing control are desired, reducing the complexity and configuration burden on the leaf switches.
NEW QUESTION 14
You want to ensure that VXLAN traffic from the xe-0/0/12 interlace is being encapsulated by logical vlep.32770 and sent to a remote leaf device in this scenario, which command would you use to verify that traffic is flowing?
A. monitor traffic interface xe-0/0/12
B. show interface terse vtep.32770
C. show interfaces terse vtep.32770 statistics
D. show interfaces vtep.32770 detail
Answer: C
Explanation:
To ensure VXLAN traffic from the xe-0/0/12 interface is correctly encapsulated by the logical vtep.32770 and sent to a remote leaf device, it is essential to monitor the relevant interface statistics. The command show interfaces terse vtep.32770 statistics provides a concise overview of the traffic statistics for the specific VTEP interface, which can help verify whether traffic is being correctly encapsulated and transmitted. This command is particularly useful for quickly checking the traffic counters and identifying any potential issues with VXLAN encapsulation or transmission. It allows you to confirm that traffic is flowing as expected, by checking the transmitted and received packet counters.
NEW QUESTION 15
What are three actions available tor MAC move limiting? (Choose three.)
A. drop
B. filter
C. enable
D. log
E. shutdown
Answer: ADE
Explanation:
1. MAC Move Limiting:
MAC move limiting is a security feature used in network switches to detect and mitigate rapid changes in MAC address locations, which could indicate a network issue or an attack such as MAC flapping or spoofing.
When a MAC address is learned on a different interface than it was previously learned, the switch can take various actions to prevent potential issues.
2. Available Actions:
Option A, drop: This action drops packets from the MAC address if it violates the move limit, effectively blocking communication from the offending MAC address.
Option D, log: This action logs the MAC move event without disrupting traffic, allowing network administrators to monitor and investigate the event.
Option E, shutdown: This action shuts down the interface on which the MAC address violation occurred, effectively stopping all traffic on that interface to prevent further issues.
NEW QUESTION 16
Which parameter is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table?
A. route-target community
B. VLAN ID
C. VNI
D. route-distinguisher
Answer: A
Explanation:
1. Understanding VPN Route Table Association:
In MPLS/VPN and EVPN networks, the route-target community is a BGP extended community attribute used to control the import and export of VPN routes. It associates received routes with the appropriate VPN route tables on the PE (Provider Edge) routers.
2. Function of Route-Target Community:
The route-target community tag ensures that routes are imported into the correct VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance, allowing them to be correctly routed within the VPN.
3. Conclusion:
Option A is correct: The route-target community is used to associate received routes with a local VPN route table.
NEW QUESTION 17
You are designing an IP fabric tor a large data center, and you are concerned about growth and scalability. Which two actions would you take to address these concerns? (Choose two.)
A. Design a five-stage Clos IP fabric.
B. Design a three-stage Clos IP fabric.
C. Use EX4300 Series devices as the spine devices.
D. Use OFX5700 Series devices as the super spines.
Answer: BD
Explanation:
1. Clos IP Fabric Design:
A Clos fabric is a network topology designed for scalable, high-performance data centers. It is typically arranged in multiple stages, providing redundancy, high bandwidth, and low latency.
2. Three-Stage Clos Fabric:
A three-stage Clos fabric, consisting of leaf, spine, and super spine layers, is widely used in data centers. This design scales well and allows for easy expansion by adding more leaf and spine devices as needed.
3. Super Spines for Scalability:
Using high-capacity devices like the QFX5700 Series as super spines can handle the increased traffic demands in large data centers and support future growth. These devices provide the necessary bandwidth and scalability for large-scale deployments.
4. Conclusion:
Option B is correct: A three-stage Clos fabric is a proven design that addresses growth and scalability concerns in large data centers.
Option D is correct: QFX5700 Series devices are suitable for use as super spines in large-scale environments due to their high performance.
NEW QUESTION 18
You are asked to configure telemetry on the OFX Series devices in your data center fabric. You want to use sensors that have a vendor-neutral data model Which type of sensor should you use in this scenario?
A. JTI OpenConfig sensors
B. JTI native sensors
C. Python sensors
D. analog sensors
Answer: A
Explanation:
1. Telemetry in Data Centers:
Telemetry allows for real-time monitoring of network devices by collecting and exporting data such as interface statistics, routing table updates, and other key metrics.
2. Vendor-Neutral Data Models:
JTI (Junos Telemetry Interface) OpenConfig sensors use a vendor-neutral data model, which is important for ensuring compatibility across different network devices and systems. OpenConfig is an industry-standard model, which facilitates integration with various telemetry collection systems.
3. Conclusion:
Option A is correct: OpenConfig sensors provide a vendor-neutral solution for telemetry, ensuring broad compatibility and flexibility in data center environments.
NEW QUESTION 19
You want to provide a OCI that keeps each data center routing domain isolated, while also supporting translation of VNIs. Which DCI scheme allows these features?
A. MPLS DCI label exchange
B. over the top (OTT) with VNI translation enabled
C. VXLAN stitching
D. over the top (OTT) with proxy gateways
Answer: C
Explanation:
1. Understanding DCI (Data Center Interconnect) Schemes:
DCI schemes are used to connect multiple data centers, enabling seamless communication and resource sharing between them. The choice of DCI depends on the specific requirements, such as isolation, VNI translation, or routing domain separation.
2. VXLAN Stitching:
VXLAN stitching involves connecting multiple VXLAN segments, allowing VNIs (VXLAN Network Identifiers) from different segments to communicate with each other while maintaining separate routing domains. This approach is particularly effective for keeping routing domains isolated while supporting VNI translation, making it ideal for scenarios where you need to connect different data centers or networks without merging their control planes.
NEW QUESTION 20
In your EVPN-VXAN environment, you want to prevent a multihomed server from receiving multiple copies of BUM traffic in active/active scenarios. Which EVPN route type would satisfy this requirement?
A. Type 8
B. Type 7
C. Type 4
D. Type 5
Answer: C
Explanation:
1. Understanding the Scenario:
In an EVPN-VXLAN environment, when using multi-homing in active/active scenarios, there’s a risk that a multihomed server might receive duplicate copies of Broadcast, Unknown unicast, and Multicast (BUM) traffic. This is because multiple VTEPs might forward the same BUM traffic to the server.
2. EVPN Route Types:
Type 4 Route (Ethernet Segment Route) is used to advertise the Ethernet Segment (ES) to which the device is connected. It is specifically used in multi-homing scenarios to signal the ES and its associated Ethernet Tag to all the remote VTEPs. The Type 4 route includes information that helps prevent BUM traffic duplication in active/active multi-homing by using a split-horizon mechanism, which ensures that traffic sent to a multihomed device does not get looped back. The Type 4 route is crucial for ensuring that in a multi-homed setup, particularly in an active/active configuration, BUM traffic does not result in duplication at the server. The route helps coordinate which VTEP is responsible for forwarding the BUM traffic to the server, thereby preventing duplicate traffic.
NEW QUESTION 21
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